Текст песни The Star-Spangled Banner - Знамя, усыпанное звездами

«The Star-Spangled Banner» ("Знамя, усыпанное звёздами") — национальный гимн Соединённых Штатов Америки. Его текст был взят из поэмы «Оборона Форта Макгенри», написанной в 1814 году Фрэнсисом Скоттом Ки. Автор, 35-летний адвокат и по совместительству поэт-любитель, написал этот текст после того, как стал свидетелем обстрела Форта Макгенри в Балтиморе британскими кораблями в период войны 1812 года. Первое исполнение состоялось в Балтиморе 29 октября после американской премьеры пьесы Августа фон Коцебу «Граф Бенёвский».

Долгое время считалось, что текст был положен на популярную британскую застольную мелодию. Однако в 1980-ые годы ученым удалось установить, что мелодия имела своего автора. Им был Джон Стаффорд Смит (John Stafford Smith), британский историк музыки, композитор, органист и певец, который в 1766 году написал шутливый гимн "Общества Анакреона"«To Anacreon in Heaven», объединявшего лондонских музыкантов. Песня стала официально использоваться в Военно-морских силах США (1889), затем в Белом доме (1916), а 3 марта 1931 года резолюцией Конгресса была объявлена национальным гимном.

Песня имеет 4 куплета, но сегодня только первый из них является широко известным.

Оригинальный текст

O! say can you see by the dawn's early light
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming.
Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,
O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming.
And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,
Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.
Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep,
Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,
What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,
As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?
Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,
In full glory reflected now shines in the stream:
'Tis the star-spangled banner! Oh long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

And where is that band who so vauntingly swore
That the havoc of war and the battle's confusion,
A home and a country should leave us no more!
Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps' pollution.
No refuge could save the hireling and slave
From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave:
And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

O! thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand
Between their loved home and the war's desolation!
Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n rescued land
Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation.
Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,
And this be our motto: 'In God is our trust.'
And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

Поэтический перевод Игоря Коссича, 2000

Смотри, видишь ли ты в солнца первых лучах,
С чем в заката часы мы простились глазами?
О, скажи, он ведь жив, полосатый наш флаг,
Цвета неба и солнца наше звёздное знамя?
И летали ракеты, и снаряды взрывались,
Подтверждая: форт наш ночью не сдался.
Ответь: это правда, флаг ещё реет
Над землёю свободных, родиной смелых?

Вдали, там, где берег еле виден в тумане,
Где надменный наш враг от атак отдыхает
Что там утренний бриз в вышине развевает,
То скрывая от глаз, то вновь открывая?
Вот он снова сверкнул, туч завесу прорвал,
В полной славе своей гордо миру предстал.
Это звёздный наш флаг! О, пусть же он реет
Над землёю свободных, родиной смелых.

А иначе никак и не может и быть
Там, где выбор пойдёт вновь о деле свободы.
И пока будем жить, будем благодарить
Силу, что сотворила нас единым народом.
Этот выбор — свя

“The Star-Spangled Banner” is the national anthem of the United States of America. His text was taken from Fort McHenry's defense poem, written in 1814 by Francis Scott Key. The author, a 35-year-old lawyer and part-time amateur poet, wrote this text after he witnessed the shelling of Fort McHenry in Baltimore by British ships during the 1812 war. The first performance took place in Baltimore on October 29 after the American premiere of August von Kotzebue's play “Count Benevsky”.

For a long time it was believed that the text was put on a popular British table melody. However, in the 1980s, scientists were able to establish that the melody had its author. It was John Stafford Smith, a British music historian, composer, organist, and singer who wrote the humorous hymn of the Anacreon Society To Anacreon in Heaven in 1766, which brought together London musicians. The song began to be officially used in the US Naval Forces (1889), then in the White House (1916), and on March 3, 1931, a Congressional resolution declared the national anthem.

The song has 4 verses, but today only the first of them is widely known.

Original text
 
O! say can you see by the dawn's early light
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming.
Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,
O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming.
And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,
Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.
Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep,
Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,
What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,
As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?
Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,
In full glory reflected now shines in the stream:
'Tis the star-spangled banner! Oh long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

And where is that band who so vauntingly swore
That the havoc of war and the battle's confusion,
A home and a country should leave us no more!
Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps' pollution.
No refuge could save the hireling and slave
From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave:
And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

O! thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand
Between their loved home and the war's desolation!
Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n rescued land
Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation.
Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,
And this be our motto: 'In God is our trust.'
And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

Poetic translation of Igor Kossich, 2000

See if you see the first rays in the sun
What at sunset did we say goodbye to our eyes?
Oh, say he’s alive, our striped flag,
The colors of heaven and sun are our starry banner?
And rockets flew, and shells exploded,
Confirming: our fort did not give up at night.
Answer: it's true, the flag still flies
Above the land of the free, homeland of the brave?

In the distance, where the shore is barely visible in the fog,
Where our arrogant enemy from attacks has a rest
That there is a morning breeze above
Now hiding from the eyes, then rediscovering?
Then he flashed again, the cloud broke the veil,
In full glory, he proudly appeared to the world.
This is our star flag! Oh let him fly
Above the land of the free, homeland of the brave.

Otherwise, it cannot be.
Where the choice will again be about the cause of freedom.
And while we live, we will thank
The power that made us one people.
This choice is connected